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Differences and similarities
This article shows schematically in a direct comparison the central similarities and differences of eukaryotic / eucytic, and prokaryotic / protozytic organisms. More details can be found in the main articles on eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
Table: Comparison of eukaryotes and prokaryotes
| eukaryotes | prokaryotes | |
|---|---|---|
| cell name | Euzyte | Protozyte |
| Examples | Humans, animals, mushrooms, algae, protozoa | Bacteria and archaea |
| Cell size (Ø) | 10-50 μm | 1-20 μm |
| Proportion of non-coding DNA | about 70-90% (low gene density) | 5-25% (high gene density) |
| nucleus | available | unavailable |
| Place of the genome | in the nucleus | floating in the cytoplasm |
| Storage form of the genome | in several chromosomes | in the bacterial chromosome and the plasmids |
| cell compartment | heavily compartmentalized | weakly compartmentalized |
| ribosomes | 80 S ribosomes | 70 S-ribosomes |
| cell wall | Plant cells (+), animal cells (-) | available |
| Possible organelles: | Chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, leucoplasts, lysosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, ribosomes, vesicles, nucleus | Chlorosome, Flagellum, Magnetosome, Nucleoid, Plasmid, Ribosomes, Thylakoid |
| Organs of locomotion | GeiЯel | flagellum |
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